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Lesson 1.1 · AQA Combined Science

Animal and
plant cells

01 · Look inside

Explore a cell

Cells are the basic units of living things. Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic: their genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus.

Choose a cell, then tap a structure to find it.

Simplified models, not microscope photographs. Colours are added; sizes are not to scale. Ribosomes are shown as tiny dots.

02 · Shared structures

Found in animal and plant cells

Most animal cells and typical plant cells have these five structures.

03 · Extra plant structures

What makes a plant cell different?

Plant cells have mitochondria too. They respire as well as photosynthesise. Not every plant cell has chloroplasts: root hair cells usually do not.
04 · Exam-style diagrams

Recognise shapes without colour

Practise recognising each structure in a simple line drawing. Use its shape, size and position in the cell. Ribosomes are tiny dots.

The key jobs

Nucleus: genetic material and control.

Membrane: controls movement in and out.

Cytoplasm: most chemical reactions.

Mitochondria: aerobic respiration.

Ribosomes: protein synthesis.

Plant extras: cell wall, chloroplasts and permanent vacuole.