Follow how one cell produces two genetically identical cells.
The nucleus contains chromosomes made of DNA. Each chromosome carries many genes. In body cells, chromosomes normally occur in pairs.
Before division, DNA is copied so each new cell can receive a full set of genetic instructions.
Use the buttons to follow the sequence. Learn the overall stages; individual mitosis phase names are not needed here.
The cell grows and makes more structures, including mitochondria and ribosomes. Its DNA replicates: two copies of each chromosome are made.
One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell. The nucleus divides.
The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide. Two genetically identical daughter cells form, each with the same chromosome number as the original cell.
Growth: more cells make an organism bigger.
Repair and replacement: new cells replace damaged or worn-out cells.
Asexual reproduction: some organisms produce offspring by mitosis, without fertilisation.
Mitosis makes genetically identical cells. Making gametes by meiosis is a different process, covered in inheritance.
If the starting body cell has 46 chromosomes, each daughter cell has 46. Copying the DNA first allows both new cells to receive a full set.
Starting from one cell, three rounds in which every cell divides produce 1 → 2 → 4 → 8 cells.
Grow and copy DNA → mitosis → cytoplasm and membrane divide. Two identical daughter cells keep the same chromosome number.
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