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Separate Physics · Paper 2 · Foundation + Higher · P8

How stars form and become stable

Key ideas1 of 3

Gravity gathers a nebula

A star begins in a cloud of gas and dust called a nebula. Gravitational attraction pulls this material together. As the cloud contracts, gravitational potential energy is transferred and the material becomes hotter, forming a protostar. The central density and temperature rise. A protostar is not yet a stable main-sequence star: its core must become hot enough for sustained nuclear fusion.

A gas and dust cloud with gravitational-attraction arrows towards its centre.

Next: The life cycles of stars →
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Daily 5 · Exam practice · Revision sheet ↓

Foundation + Higher · P8. P8 is a complete Physics-only topic.

AQA GCSE Physics 8463 · 4.8.1.1. Original notes, questions and diagrams. Models are simplified; teaching data are illustrative.