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Separate Physics · Paper 2 · Foundation + Higher · P5

Atmospheric pressure and altitude

Key ideas1 of 3

A thin layer around Earth

Earth’s atmosphere is a layer of air surrounding the planet. Compared with Earth’s radius, this layer is thin. Gravity keeps the air near Earth, and there is more air packed into a given volume near the surface. A simple particle model shows air molecules widely separated, moving in different directions. The atmosphere becomes less dense as altitude, or height above the surface, increases.

Particle distribution above ground with positions A, B and C at increasing altitudes; schematic, not to scale.

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Practice, downloads and sources

Daily 5 · Exam practice · Revision sheet ↓

Foundation + Higher · P5. Use alongside the shared P5 lessons.

AQA GCSE Physics 8463 · 4.5.5.2. Original notes, questions and diagrams. Models are simplified; teaching data are illustrative.